Reimagining Science Education Through the Power of Mother Tongue



When talking about using local languages in the classroom, we usually think of the 3 Rs: Reading, wRiting and aRithmetics, But Dr Vishal Sharma builds a strong case for also teaching Science and Technology in the language the child is most familiar with. This will change the learning from reproducing scientific facts to creative thinking and production based on deep understanding.


The article, Learning Science and Technology in Mother Tongue, published in the Daily Excelsior, explains how teaching complex subjects like science and technology in a child's first language improves cognitive development, critical thinking, and cultural rootedness. The article uses global examples, insights from cognitive science, and Indian policy initiatives to make a compelling case for the use of the children's native language.

The piece emphasises that learning Science and Technology in one's mother tongue strengthens conceptual understanding and reduces cognitive overload. Studies by experts like Dr. Ellen Bialystok and Dr. Jim Cummins show that proficiency in the first language aids in acquiring additional languages and enhances problem-solving skills. Globally, countries such as Finland, Japan, and South Korea successfully use native languages as mediums of instruction, contributing to their academic and technological leadership. Sharma states: "When students learn S&T in their native language, they leverage these well-established neural pathways, reducing cognitive load. This can lead to deeper understanding and retention of complex scientific concepts."

India's linguistic diversity presents both an opportunity and a challenge for implementing this. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 advocates for using local languages as the medium of instruction at least until Grade 5, with an ideal extension to Grade 8. But in practice, this will not be easy. The article acknowledges hurdles in implementing multilingual education in India. Sharma  writes "Developing a framework for teaching S&T in students' native languages in India involves strong Government commitment, clear policy directions, careful planning, resource allocation, technology inclusion, and dedicated teacher training."

Ultimately, the article champions the use of native languages as a strategy not only to enhance learning outcomes but also to bridge local and global knowledge systems. It highlights how teaching in the mother tongue aligns with the broader goals of cognitive development, cultural preservation, and inclusivity. The article concludes that with thoughtful implementation, using native languages to teach S&T has the potential to transform Indian education into a globally recognized, culturally resonant system.


Regards,

Karsten, in collaboration with Upasana Lepcha




Resources:

  1. Learning Science and Technology in Mother Tongue, Daily Excelsior. 

  2. National Education Policy 2020, Government of India. 

  3. UNESCO. Mother Tongue Matters: Local Language as a Key to Effective Learning. 

  4. Photo: DALL·E. (2024). A visually captivating representation of science and languages [AI-generated image]. (OpenAI)